Search results for "Granulosa Cells"
showing 9 items of 9 documents
Dysregulated genes and their functional pathways in luteinized granulosa cells from PCOS patients after cabergoline treatment
2018
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive disorder frequently associated with a substantial risk factor for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Dopamine receptor 2 (D2) agonists, like cabergoline (Cb2), have been used to reduce the OHSS risk. However, lutein granulosa cells (LGCs) from PCOS patients treated with Cb2 still show a deregulated dopaminergic tone (decreased D2 expression and low dopamine production) and increased vascularization compared to non-PCOS LGCs. Therefore, to understand the PCOS ovarian physiology, it is important to explore the mechanisms that underlie syndrome based on the therapeutic effects of Cb2. Here, LGCs from non-PCOS and PCOS patients …
Apolipoprotein B is regulated by gonadotropins and constitutes a predictive biomarker of IVF outcomes
2016
Background Follicular fluid (FF) is an important micro-environment influencing oocyte growth, its development competence, and embryo viability. The FF content analysis allows to identify new relevant biomarkers, which could be predictive of in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. Inside ovarian follicle, the amount of FF components from granulosa cells (GC) secretion, could be regulated by gonadotropins, which play a major role in follicle development. Methods This prospective study included 61 female undergoing IVF or Intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure. Apolipoprotein B (APOB) concentrations in follicular fluid and APOB gene and protein expression in granulosa cells from rep…
Dopamine receptor 2 activation inhibits ovarian vascular endothelial growth factor secretion in vitro: implications for treatment of ovarian hypersti…
2013
Objective To ascertain whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion by luteinized granulosa cells (GCs) is modulated by the dopaminergic system in a dose-dependent fashion and how this is related to the differential efficacy of dopamine receptor 2 (D2)-agonists (D2-ag) in preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Design The relationship between the dopaminergic system and VEGF secretion in luteinized GCs was evaluated. Archived human ovaries were immunostained to characterize D2 expression. Setting University affiliated infertility center. Patient(s) Premenopausal women and egg donors. Intervention(s) Luteinized GCs were cultured with the D2-ag cabergoline. Human o…
Lower apoptosis rate in human cumulus cells after administration of recombinant luteinizing hormone to women undergoing ovarian stimulation for in vi…
2007
Objective: To investigate the effects of recombinant (r-) LH supplementation in “low responder” patients undergoing ovarian stimulation with r-FSH for an IVF program. The apoptosis rate in cumulus cells was used as an indicator of oocyte quality. Design: Comparison of the rate of DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activity in cumulus cells in women stimulated with r-LH and r-FSH, versus patients treated with r-FSH alone (control). Setting: In vitro fertilization (IVF) laboratory. Patient(s): Forty patients undergoing assisted fertilization programs treated with a GnRH agonist, or r-FSH treatment begun on day 3 of the cycle (control). In the r-LH group, from day 8 of gonadotropin stimulation, 1…
Dopamine agonist cabergoline reduces hemoconcentration and ascites in hyperstimulated women undergoing assisted reproduction.
2007
Abstract Context: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) results from increased vascular permeability (VP) caused by ovarian hypersecretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which activates its receptor-2. In animals, the dopamine receptor 2 agonist cabergoline (Cb2) inactivates VEGF receptor-2 and prevents increased VP. Objective: Our objective was to test whether Cb2 reduces VP and prevents OHSS in humans. Design: We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind study on oocyte donors at risk of developing OHSS (>20 follicles, >12 mm developed, and >20 oocytes retrieved). Interventions: Cb2 0.5 mg/d (n = 37) or a placebo (n = 32) was administered fro…
Intraovarian regulation of gonadotropin-dependent folliculogenesis depends on notch receptor signaling pathways not involving Delta-like ligand 4 (Dl…
2013
Background In-situ hybridisation studies demonstrate that Notch receptors and ligands are expressed in granulosa cells (GCs) and in the theca layer vasculature of growing follicles. Notch signaling involves cell-to-cell interaction mediated by transmembrane receptors and ligands. This signaling pathway may represent a novel intraovarian regulator of gonadotropin-dependent follicular development to the preovulatory stage. We hypothesized that blocking Notch pathways would disrupt follicular maturation in the mouse ovary. Methods Hypophysectomized CD21 female mice were administered pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) for 3 days to stimulate follicular development. In one experiment, a pan…
EVALUATION OF OOCYTE QUALITY IN GRANULOSA AND CUMULUS CELLS OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING PMA
2019
Background. We investigate the apoptosis rate of individual granulosa cell–oocyte and cumulus cell–oocyte (COC), associated with the levels of molecules playing a critical role in the regulation of cell death or survival. These molecular analyses have been done to verify the difference of competence between oocytes producing embryos able to reach the blastocyst stage compared with embryos arrested during the in vitro culture. Methods. From each single follicle: granulosa cells were processed for Western blotting analyses, using the following antibodies: pAKT, ERK 1/2, pERK 1/2; cumulus cells were used for in situ immunofluorescence with the same antibodies. DNA fragmentation rate was measur…
Nuclear localization of the protein encoded by the Wilms’ tumor gene WT1 in embryonic and adult tissues
1993
ABSTRACT The human Wilms’ tumor gene WT1 encodes a putative transcription factor implicated in tumorigenesis and in specifying normal urogenital development. We have studied the distribution of WT1 protein and mRNA using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Monoclonal antibodies were raised against a peptide specific to the first alternative splice site of WT1. Two antibodies specifically reacted on Western blot to this WT1 isoform. Immunofluorescence localized WT1 protein to podocytes during mesonephric and metanephric development. In situ hybridization revealed a similar pattern of expression except that WT1 mRNA was also present in metanephric blastema and renal vesicles. Mess…
APOPTOSIS RATE IN CUMULUS CELLS AS POSSIBLE MOLECULAR BIOMARKER FOR OOCYTE COMPETENCE.
2017
Several lines of evidence showed that apoptosis rate of cumulus cells in oocytes derived by assisted reproductive technologies could be used as an indicator of fertilizing gamete quality. Aim of the study was to investigate the effects of three different ovarian stimulation protocols on the biological and clinical outcome in hyporesponder patients. Collected data showed a higher significant rate of DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in U group (patients treated with Highly Purified human Menopausal Gonadotrophin) than in P group (treated with recombinant human Follicle Stimulating Hormone (r-hFSH) combined with recombinant human Luteinizing Hormone (r-hLH)). Both groups R (treated with r-hFSH al…